The principal aim of the Brazilian Anthropological Association?s Vibrant - Virtual Brazilian Anthropology - is to disseminate Brazilian anthropology by publishing articles and audio visual materials in English, French and Spanish authored by anthropologists working or studying in Brazilian institutions.
“Living with joy”: history, sociability and otherness in Kaingang ritual life
Este artigo analisa a importância da vida ritual kaingang para a compreensão das dimensões social, política e cosmológica na relação com a alteridade, o que implica situar fontes e dos processos históricos. Para tanto, faço uma reflexão atentando para aspectos dos rituais funerários nas fontes históricas, registrados em paralelo ou comparáveis com as “festas” de guerra, ambos tematizando a vida aldeã e interaldeã e, por isso, fundamentais para a compreensão das perfomances realizadas no Encontro dos kujá (Aldeia Morro do Osso) e no Ritual do kiki (Terra Indígena Xapecó). A etnografia destaca as regras de etiqueta e as prestações rituais que orientam as relações entre as metades exogâmicas, inclusive, para retomar, inspirados no debate americanista, a dimensão do riso, como alternativa as relações de evitação, sustentando a argumentação de que o humor nestas sociedades realiza diversas mediações, notadamente, àquelas referentes à incorporação de poderes exteriores e de estrangeiros no interior do coletivo.
Copyright (c) 2022 Alexandre Magno Aquino http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
the From time of rights to time of intolerance. The neoconservative movement and the impact of Bolsonaro government.
The article presents the trajectory in Brazil of the neoconservative movement led by two parliamentary fronts: Evangelical and Agropecuária that build in Congress a concerted confluence of objectives and political articulation to confront the growth of access to human rights. Neoconservative narratives centered on the “moral agenda” grow on the public scene and contradict rights to gender equality, sexual diversity and reproductive rights and on the “legal security agenda” block the materialization of indigenous and quilombola rights of access to land. They promote the disauthorization of anthropological knowledge and science in general. Submerged the constitutional references and inaugurated a neoconservative government, intolerances towards social subjects that started to be considered “others” grow. The dehumanization of the other, as Bauman warns, has one of its conditions: that of being authorized by government practices. The challenges for anthropology are increasing.
Anthropology in times of intolerance: challenges facing neoconservatism
Copyright (c) 2020 Lia Zanotta Machado http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Conjugalities in Dispute: The Debate about Monogamy and Polyamory in LGBT Groups
This paper analyzes how monogamy, polyamory and other forms of non-monogamy are presented, interpreted and debated in LGBT groups. Would there be a defense of affective and sexual multiplicity or would the endorsement of monogamy predominate, in order to claim greater legitimacy? The investigation was conducted, between 2012 and 2017, based on ethnographic research in virtual LGBT groups. It is argued that there is no consensus among lesbians, gays and bisexuals that monogamy is an oppressive norm analogous to heteronormativity and that polyamory is their ideal model for overcoming it. Through this study, we seek to contribute to the understanding of the moral disputes that have been developed in the field of “sexual politics” in contemporary Brazil.
Copyright (c) 2022 Antonio Cerdeira Pilão http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This article examines how religious values, ​​that organized the election campaign of Jair Bolsonaro continues to being used to loyalty religious bases to his government, are originate from the actions of the Frente Parlamentar Evangélica of the National Congress that since its establishment has demanded that values ​​of “the moral majority” are accepted by the State. To this end, they use legal principles, but also evoke moral panics allies to others conservatives agendas that form a political agenda of a new right that has acted effectively in Brazilian politics and has become the political base of a government that has moral policy like the backbone of a new “terribly Christian”, extremist and conservative state. In the face of this challenging scenario, what are the impacts of this single truth made State policy for the social diversities? And for our anthropological reflections on the overlap between religious and politics?
Copyright (c) 2020 Tatiane dos Santos Duarte http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Discursive exclusion and disrespect in prisons of the Federal District, Brazil.
In this paper, we present our ethnographic material and our interpretations concerning the meanings that men and women imprisoned in the Federal District, Brazil, attribute to their everyday experiences, in particular, to the dimensions of these experiences that we name discursive exclusion and disrespect. Drawing from our field data, we argument that situations of disrespect and the way they are articulated by the interlocutors are directly associated to processes of discursive exclusion, which restrict their access to the symbolic and linguistic instruments necessary to articulate and publicize experiences of injustice and disqualify their speech when they find legitimate means to express their claims, not allowing them to be actually heard. The data presented are the result of an ethnographic research with men and women imprisoned the Federal District, Brazil.
Copyright (c) 2021 CAROLINA BARRETO LEMOS, MARCUS CARDOSO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The “policy of the terreiros” against religious racism and the “Christofascist” policies
O artigo discute os processos de mobilização dos afrorreligiosos em ações contra o racismo religioso e as políticas “cristofascistas”, desenvolvidas por grupos com religiosidade de perfil evangélico-pentecostal. Baseando-se em pesquisas etnográficas, realizadas desde 2008, no Rio de Janeiro, Brasília, Aracaju e Maceió, pretende-se analisar como as estratégias de mobilização se constituem numa modalidade de política “dos terreiros” como um modo de se “fazer política”, que delimitam identidades públicas, trazendo para o debate as denúncias de acirramento e crescimento de violações das religiões de matrizes afro, no plano simbólico – a demonização de suas práticas – ou no plano concreto – a destruição dos terreiros e expulsão dos religiosos de suas casas. Discute-se também como as categorias intolerância, racismo e genocídio fazem parte de uma gramática cívica que busca cobrar do Estado, a partir principalmente das polícias e do judiciário, uma atuação de garantia de direitos, diante de um cenário de extremismo religioso, que se caracteriza por narrativas e ações com vistas à construção de agendas políticas, alimentada por dogmas religiosos – “cristofascistas”, que resultam em atos violentos contra os terreiros.
Copyright (c) 2020 Ana Paula Mendes de Miranda http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The concepts of Faith and miracle frequently appear in anthropological literature on Christianity. Yet these phenomena are rarely employed as social categories of understanding, and this is particularly true for research related to Catholicism. By way of my own ethnographic experience in three different fieldwork sites of Brazil’s Northeast (Agüera – where apparitions of the Virgin Mary occur; Monte Santo – a Catholic pilgrimage sanctuary; and Casa Amarela, a neighbourhood in Recife, the capital of Pernambuco state), I argue that a cosmological perspective is central to understanding Brazilian Catholicism. Furthermore, and perhaps more importantly, such a perspective reveals faith and miracle as key elements to the understanding of Catholicism as it is lived in this context. As such, I suggest rethinking faith and miracle as “social categories of understanding” which dialectically organize Catholic logic and cosmology: the interconnectivity of humans, nature, and the supernatural.
Copyright (c) 2020 Mísia Reesink http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
In this article we argue that, in order to understand the “attack” on anthropology made in Brazil, which has been promoted in the public sphere since the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century, it is necessary to look at how anthropological knowledge has become disciplined and institutionalized in the long / medium term . We refer, in particular, to the relationship between what has been constituted as a “field of anthropology” and issues related to the public sphere. It is also necessary to consider the configuration with other institutionalized knowledge throughout the period that stretches from the end of the 19th to the present, with discontinuities but also with important continuities. We tried to show that, at first, the commitment of Anthropology made in Brazil was essentially with the agrarian-based political elites, at the turn of the 19th century to the 20th century and in the first decades of this, not only in the plan of nation building, but also in the formation of the State. In a second moment, since the 1950s, and especially from the new postgraduate courses created in the late 1960s / early 1970s, anthropologists developed knowledge that led them to an ethical and moral commitment to the communities with which they worked. and critical of the military regime's developmentalism and dictatorial authoritarianism. A third moment, from the constituent process to the present, a part of Brazilian anthropologists started to act directly in the recognition of constitutionally assigned rights to differentiated collectivities, generating a growing and progressive zone of friction with the hegemonic sectors in the economic-political planes.
Copyright (c) 2020 Antonio Carlos de Souza Lima, Caio Gonçalves Dias http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
To delivery and to care women giving birth: corporeality and care among the guarani-mbyá indigenous people from Southern Brazil
In this paper I draw attention to the happening of childbirth among the Guarani-Mbyá women. I highlight the centrality of a care language in the act of birth and of being born supported by the production of human bodies and kin. From Yva deliveries’ stories I explore the connection between silences, bodies and human and non-human socialities by interweaving it with native modes of care and a critical analysis of the medicalization of birth derived from the relationship with the “Juruá (“white”) system”. I emphasize a non-reductive understanding of life and health in the translation of epistelomogies of care between indigenous and biomedical sociocosmologies. The data presented are results from a long-term ethnographic researcher carried out among guarani-mbyá collectives in the Southern Brazil. Key words: Delivery and Birth, Guarani-Mbyá, Epistemologies of care, Medicalisation of Birth, Corporeality.
Copyright (c) 2020 Maria Paula Prates http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This article unites the co-authors’ years of empirical research with women in policed, stigmatized, and low-autonomy sex industry sectors in Brazil, China, Italy, and the United States to identify six prevalent forms of exclusion: economic, intersectional, health, safety, public vilification, and policing. We analyze the distinct manifestations of these exclusionary forces in all four sites to introduce criminal creep as theoretical shorthand for the global seepage of ideological, structural, and interpersonal exclusionary forces into social life, professional practice, and socio-legal procedures that marginalize women in the sex industry as victim-criminals in need of rehabilitation. Uniting and building upon literature on feminist engagement with and critiques of citizenship, conceptual uses of “creep”, carcerality and crimmigration, and critical anti-trafficking studies, we argue that criminal creep facilitates a perfect storm of exclusion that promotes sex workers’ de facto and de jure exclusion from citizenship through a set of wide-ranging set of harms. Furthermore, we identify “control creep” as a factor limiting – even radically – the political organization of and social scientific production regarding the vulnerable populations anti-sex work and anti-trafficking laws are supposedly designed to aid.
Copyright (c) 2020 Thaddeus Gregory Blanchette http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Acusação e legitimidade na guerra civil em Angola
This article analyzes the main designators of otherness found in the discourse of leaders of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and of the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) during the civil war in Angola (1975-2002). In an effort to understand the entanglements between global and local dimensions of the conflict, we argue that the accusations made by Agostinho Neto (MPLA), José Eduardo dos Santos (MPLA), and Jonas Savimbi (Unita) aim to delegitimize the “other” as they claim legitimacy to occupy the state. This is done through the opposition between accusatory categories addressed to the “other” and their opposite, attributed to the one who makes the accusation. Thus, we show how the understanding of political conflict in general, and of the Angolan conflict specifically, can be illuminated through the analysis of categories whose linguistic dimension is entangled with posititionalities that are socially and historically constituted.
Copyright (c) 2020 Iracema Dulley, Luísa Tui Sampaio http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Neo-ethnic Self-Styling among Young Indigenous People of Brazil: Re-Appropriating Ethnicity through Cultural Hybridity
This article examines an omnipresent cultural practice among the young indigenous people of Brazil to hybridize their ethnic motifs with global fashion in order to classify their glocal mode of being. Young indigenous subjects generally perceive the modal practice to be ethnically appropriating in their own generational right. Through ethnographic observations coupled with theoretical reflections on cultural hybridity, the authors will highlight how neo-ethnic fashion enables initially marginalized category of indigenous ethnicity to be brought to public attention on a global scale. Neo-ethnic self-styling operates as a means to re-appropriate heritage in trans-traditional way at a time when ethnicity itself is increasingly becoming a globally trendy subject. Social networking service plays a crucial role in disseminating the phenomena across different ethnic groups.
Copyright (c) 2020 Mateja Kovacic, Hiroshi Aoyagi, Stephen Grant Baines http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exchange, friendship, and regional relations in the Upper Xingu
The aim of this work is to describe and analyze the different types of relationships established between the peoples of the Upper Xingu through their regional rituals. Starting from a description of the uluki exchange ritual, we will discuss how this ritual, by mobilizing Xinguano ideas about friendship, produces contexts of interaction in which characteristics of intra-village sociality are extended to regional sociality. At the same time that the uluki defines, together with other regional rituals, a certain “Xinguano interiority” (the world of multi-community rituals), it is also one of its main forms of opening, having the potential to attract to the Xinguano ritual world not only singular persons, but entire groups.
Copyright (c) 2020 Marina Pereira Novo; Antonio Guerreiro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Vegetable Temporalities: Life cycles, maturation and death in an Amerindian ethnography
This article considers how relations with certain plants produce multiple temporalities for the Wajãpi, an Amerindian people from the Brazilian Amazon. Inspired by a non anthropocentric anthropology or an “anthropology beyond the human,” the article is an ethnographic exploration about how the Wajãpi perceive the concrete and sensible features of certain vegetable species, and thus how they see them as subjects, in a process that produces different space-times. I also show how certain concepts are central to this same process, specifically, that of life cycle and maturation (including death), which lead to notions of co-temporality and difference between groups and individuals.
Copyright (c) 2020 Joana Cabral de Oliveira http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira, a Reflexive Anthropology.
This conference analyses the trajectory and work of Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira. Following his hermeneutical analysis methodology, exemplary monographs and key concepts are analysed throughout his academic career. This trajectory was divided into the young Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira, an ethnologist and the old Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira, a humanist with a hermeneutical perspective. The analysis explores the reflective dimension in the author's work, both in the fieldwork and in the written work, as well as the reflection that ethnography arouses in the public. The work ends by suggesting some insight of the author's anthropological perspective in the field of visual anthropology.
Copyright (c) 2020 Gabriel Omar Alvarez http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Political setbacks, rights precarization, anthropology and knowledge production about traditional peoples and communities in Brazil
The article discusses the issues of identities and territories and the forms of resilience in contemporary Brazil, from the correlation between power, territoriality, state and development, emphasizing situations of vulnerability of indigenous peoples, quilombos, peoples and traditional communities, as well as their struggles for recognition, access to land / territory and other rights. The developmental perspective adopted by the Brazilian State has resulted in a series of impacts on territories and ways of life, resulting in citizenship deficits of various historically excluded groups. This situation has worsened in recent years, with a political scenario of democratic regression (revocation of legal frameworks, extinction of instances of social control, dismantling of state apparatuses, suppression of social programs, budget cuts), in line with hegemonic interests and projects. The article also discusses the role of the anthropologist in the processes of recognition of collective and territorial rights, in dialogue with the legal field, executive power and social movements.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRACTICES, INTER-GROUP CONFLICTS AND SHARED COLONIAL EXPERIENCE IN A REGIONAL LOW AMAZON CONTEXT
The aim of this paper is to present new reflections on ethnographic research in the Lower Amazon, in social situations investigated under fieldwork conditions over two and a half decades, in which nation-building developmental projects promoted by capitalist enterprises and the state are implemented. modernizing, considered as the two most important powers that organize space today. It is in this context of hegemonic developmental policies that narratives related to territorial and cultural rights are produced, which also count on the contribution of anthropologists through academic research and the elaboration of anthropological reports and reports as new narrative genres.
Copyright (c) 2020 Eliane Odwyer, Katiane Silva
Governança ambiental e regularização fundiária: o desenvolvimento e as múltiplas dinâmicas territoriais na Amazônia
O artigo examina como nas duas últimas décadas constituiu-se padrões de desenvolvimento para a Amazônia baseados em políticas de fortalecimento da proteção e governança ambiental, bem como de promoção da regularização fundiária. Aborda-se a produção do modelo de gestão territorial baseada na perspectiva de desenvolvimento sustentável ancorada na “agenda verde” imposta pela cooperação internacional e paralelamente, demonstro como determinadas áreas da região da Amazônica vinham se tornando importante fronteira de expansão do agronegócio. Esta territorialização do capital financeiro estimulou esforços de formalização do mercado de terras públicas disponíveis na Amazônia através da uma acelerada política de regularização fundiária e mudanças no código florestal promovidas pelo Estado para garantir a segurança jurídica da propriedade. O efeito mais notório deste processo é o incremento da violência contra agricultores, indígenas e comunidades tradicionais, que se tornaram vítimas frequentes de ataques aos seus direitos territoriais e um aumento de atentados violentos às suas vidas.
regularização fundiária capital financeiro
Copyright (c) 2020 Thereza Cristina Cardoso Menezes
Reason and Sentiment in Normative Disputes
In the last fifty years or so Anthropology has engaged itself in intense debates about the rational grounds upon which ethnographic understanding rests. Whatever the particular strand taken by the respective interlocutors in these debates, the main reference shared by all interventions is the symbolic character of anthropological data and understanding. If that is so for any ethnographic context, the importance of focusing on the symbolic pre-structure of the lifeworld is even more significant when we look at normative disputes. Because, differently than assertoric statements about facts in the world, the meaning of norms is prior to the research interests of the interpreter and lies first and foremost in the world views of the subjects who share them. My research efforts on processes of dispute resolution have shown that, here, reason and sentiment get often entangled, and their proper articulation is the condition for making the respective conflicts intelligible.
Copyright (c) 2020 Luis Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira
DE ALIMENTO A PROLE: ENGAJAMENTOS ENTRE HUMANOS E TARTARUGAS MARINHAS EM DUAS COMUNIDADES DO LITORAL NORTE DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
O artigo resulta de pesquisas de campo realizadas em 2015 nas vilas de Regência Augusta e Povoação, situadas no Espírito Santo (ES), em diálogo com atuações em campo feitas desde 2011. O objetivo é contribuir para o conhecimento sobre a relação entre humanos e mais-do-que-humanos em meio a conflitos socioambientais, abordando o caso das tartarugas marinhas e dos agentes ambientalistas que com elas lidam no litoral norte do ES. Houve maior enfoque nos que realizam trabalhos de monitoramento de praia, em especial os estagiários, e também na forma como esses trabalhos constituíram-se em relação ambígua com outras práticas-e-conhecimentos previamente existentes na área, (re)inventando-as e predando-as. A região passa por um momento marcado por divergências políticas, econômicas e ambientais, agravadas no final de 2015, com a chegada dos agenciamentos da lama da Samarco, que trouxeram à tona críticas a alguns dos vínculos não inocentes estabelecidos pelo projeto de conservação.
relações entre humanos e mais-do-que-humanos
Copyright (c) 2020 Davi Scardua Fontenelli, Eliana Santos Junqueira Creado
O doméstico, o selvagem e seus interstícios
My master’s research main theme are the dogs that pull sledges in tourism activity in Ushuaia (capital of Tierra del Fuego province) and their relations with their breeders (the mushers) and with the tourists they both work for. Nevertheless, during my field research I also came across other dogs in other contexts, among them the numerous companion dogs abandoned in the city and the so-called perros salvajes, who live in rural areas and constitute, for fuegians, “animales dañinos” and “especie exotica invasora” – that is, a problem to be solved. Thus, in this article I propose to think, with special attention to sled dogs and perros salvajes, what are the different statutes that dogs can assume in these different contexts in which animals and humans relate, considering that in Tierra del Fuego canine work operates as a domesticity regime.
The grammar of harm and suffering in Brazil today
The purpose of this reflection is to draw attention to the effect that recent political transformations have produced on people's subjectivity: it is about observing clues about how these events are inscribed in daily relationships (Veena Das, 2011). We will seek an approximation both of those who have been feeling affected or vulnerable in the face of escalating discourses and practices of sexist, racist, homophobic and class violence, as well as those who have somehow adhered to conservative and exclusionary discourse. It is the subjects, many of whom are devastated, who in their efforts, amazement, and negotiations interest us, not the events to which we refer directly. As will be noted, the category “suffering” is central to this debate.
A “A velocidade do político não é a do científico"
In this article I attempt to present some problems related to the ProSavana agricultural development program, highlighting a mismatch between a political and a scientific scope, which allowed me to reflect on some effects of the technical discourse that has guided the implementation of this international cooperation project. From a research that sought to ethnograph the operationalization of this program, I intend to present the way in which such technopolitical breakdowns in the proposed "technology transfer" have produced a composition of different temporalities, which gave a particular advancement to the effectiveness of ProSavana. In order to describe this strange relation between different forms of knowledge that are expressed in the time of accomplishment a “development” project – unfolded in different speeds – I follow the idea of ??Mbembe (2011) that in the postcolony time is constantly emerging. In this sense, throughout this article I will attempt to describe how, by decomposing these different speeds, it would be possible to understand the temporalities that emerge from the particular entanglement of technopolitical relations that confer the materiality of this “development” project.
Copyright (c) 2020 Vanessa Parreira Perin http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
As eleições de 2018 e o mundo digital: estudo de caso sobre o jogo Bolsomito 2k18
O presente artigo é fruto de um trabalho coletivo realizado pelo grupo de pesquisadores de Antropologia do NEMO (Núcleo de Estudos da Modernidade) que investiga jogos eletrônicos.[1] Trata-se de um estudo de caso feito sobre um jogo produzido durante e para a campanha de Jair Bolsonaro, intitulado, Bolsomito 2k18. A investigação foi iniciada quando o jogo foi lançado, pouco antes do primeiro turno, até o presente momento, isto é, no quadragésimo quinto dia do governo Bolsonaro como Presidente eleito no segundo turno. O artigo será desenvolvido em três partes: na primeira, apresentaremos uma etnografia do jogo; na segunda parte, levantaremos algumas considerações que dizem respeito à doutrina dos Sete Montes lançada pela Igreja de Lagoinha,[2] da qual a atual Ministra Damares Alves é pastora; na terceira parte, discutiremos a etnografia e as propostas do plano de poder os sete montes, de acordo com a teoria da justificação e das cités, desenvolvidas por Boltanski e Thévenot (1991). [1] O trabalho foi realizado por Laura Graziela Gomes, coordenadora do projeto “Conflitos, controvérsias, identidades e moralidades nas plataformas digitais em perspectivas comparadas” (PPGA/NEMO/InEAC), Tony Bela Alves (Mestrando/PPGA), Christian Thorstensen (Mestrando/PPGA), Isabele Acácio Soares (Graduanda de Antropologia, 5º período), e contou ainda com a colaboração de Diogo Iendrick (Mestrando/PPGA), Diogo Castro (Bacharel em Antropologia/UFF). [2] Igreja da Lagoinha é a Igreja neopentecostal onde a Ministra Damares Alves é pastora. Ela encontra-se sediada em Belo Horizonte, MG.
Liberté, émancipation et démocratie : les paradoxes du numérique
Brazilian Anthropology in times of intolerance: challenges facing neoconservantism |
This article aims to analyze the challenges of Brazilian anthropology in the current political context, marked by setback, intolerance, repression and censorship in the face of previously achieved democratic advances. For this, it reflects on different dynamics in the field of anthropology, in different political conjunctures in Brazil, in the last five decades. In the first part, it undertakes an analysis of the historical context in which Brazilian anthropology is institutionalized in the middle of the military dictatorship. It then highlights the social engagement of anthropologists in the struggle for human rights at the time of the country's redemocratization in the 1980s, and the gradual implementation of “identity policies” with the participation of anthropologists together. to the groups that study. In the second part, it seeks to evaluate the impact of these changes in the field of anthropology and the dilemmas experienced by anthropologists in the new context of political confrontation. The last part analyzes and interprets the neoconservative movement and the strategies and challenges for anthropology in contemporary Brazil.
No meio da multidão, as máquinas: sobre os efeitos políticos da produção algorítmica de correntes sociais
Neste artigo, abordo algumas das formas por meio das quais os mecanismos de ação coletiva são reconfigurados pela atividade de tecnologias digitais de comunicação. Em especial, examino o modo como os algoritmos mobilizados na Web Social coparticipam da regulação da interdependência entre os elementos que compõem as figurações contemporâneas através dos seguintes mecanismos: pela produção e organização de socialidades através da curadoria dos conteúdos e das recomendações e prescrições dirigidas aos usuários. Pelo seu impacto na produção social das categorias de tempo, espaço e identidade. Pela expansão de um modelo de negócios que entrelaça atividade algorítmica e ação humana. Pela reconfiguração dos modos sociais de produção e difusão de conhecimento. Concluo com o exame das consequências políticas dessa atividade algorítmica na produção de correntes sociais.
La antropología latinoamericana ante la violencia de la incomprensión
Cuando nuevos autoristarismos con claros rasgos fascistas ascienden, la antropología no puede continuar su trabajo impávida. En las sociedades contemporáneas, la antropología tiene desafío de reponer las heterogeneidades constitutivas, sus historias peculiares, sus puntos de vista y sus entramados relacionales. No se trata sólo de las alteridades radicales. También son las alteridades vividas e impensadas del día a día, donde la territorialidad, la etnicidad, la racialidad, el género y la clase operan de modos multidimensionales.
O surgimento de uma antropologia meridional: a criação do Instituto de Antropologia em Santa Catarina
O exame contínuo da formação e desenvolvimento das ciências sociais faz parte da tradição intelectual da antropologia brasileira, que recorrentemente toma como marco inaugural do processo de institucionalização da ciência antropológica o advento dos cursos superiores de ciências sociais na década de 1930. O presente trabalho visa contribuir para o debate acerca da história da antropologia brasileira, analisando a criação e o funcionamento do Instituto de Antropologia na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina na década de 1960. Através desta análise busca-se problematizar a ideia de que a antropologia produzida longe dos grandes centros seria “provinciana”, demonstrando a dinâmica assumida neste contexto em termos de formação acadêmica e produção de pesquisas neste Instituto.
Copyright (c) 2021 Amurabi Oliveira http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Este ensaio busca retratar diferentes usos do laço por vaqueiros em um contexto de criação de búfalos na região nordeste do estado do Amapá, ao longo do Rio Araguari. A região é marcada por várzeas que são periodicamente alagadas em determinadas épocas do ano e podem variar para grandes campos secos em outras. Essas características do ambiente, somadas ao comportamento dos búfalos, que se deslocam bastante em busca de melhores pastagens, faz com que a atividade dos vaqueiros seja de constante movimento para busca e manutenção em função do gado. Dentre os diversos elementos técnicos que permeiam atividade, os vaqueiros destacam o laço como um dos mais essenciais. Pode-se argumentar que ele acompanha a vida do vaqueiro desde suas primeiras atividades em relação aos búfalos e equinos com que lida. Desse modo, o laço é usado diversas vezes ao longo do dia do vaqueiro, seja para conter, aproximar ou, até mesmo, controlar a distância de um búfalo ou cavalo. Ao mesmo tempo que propicia lidar com animais a uma certa distância, o laço conecta o vaqueiro ao cavalo e ao búfalo, o que representa, constantemente, um perigo em potencial aos humanos. Assim, o laço pode ser compreendido como forma de extensão da ação motora e força do vaqueiro e pelo conjunto formado pelo vaqueiro e seu cavalo. De maneira semelhante, o acoplamento com o laço propicia uma área de atuação diferente a depender se o vaqueiro estiver montado ou a pé. Essa situação também se modifica se o animal a ser laçado estiver encurralado ou em campo aberto. E, não menos importante, há bastante diferença entre situações em que o animal é manso e nas quais ele é bravo.
The article examines the survival strategies and political reactions of indigenous groups in areas of agricultural frontiers that are informed by cultural symbols, family bonds and land-based responses. It discusses the unique socio-spatial trajectory of indigenous peoples and, in addition, proposes a typology of indigenous spaces. The analysis is focused on the emblematic example of how frontier-making was experienced by the Kaiowa-Guarani of South America. The wisdom and resistance of Kaiowa-Guarani groups derive from the simultaneous ethnicisation of space and spatialisation of culture. They have shown latent geographical agency shaped by religious practices, strong family ties and the ability to internally negotiate the return to their original areas. There are many lessons to be learned, in particular the talent to absorb the increasing and dissimulated brutality of frontier-making and, at the same time, voice their political demands, form solid strategic alliances and coordinate land-recovery initiatives.
Copyright (c) 2019 Antonio Augusto Rossotto Ioris