Estados de bem-estar do Leste Asiático

Uma análise das transformações após os anos 2000

Abstract

This article offers an analysis of the qualitative transformations in East Asian welfare states since the 2000s. First, I distinguish institutional legacies in light of typologies drawn in the literature: "developmental-inclusive" (Japan and South Korea)"; "individualists" (China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Singapore), and "incipient" (Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam). I argue that the first group has deepened the process of expanding its social policies under a universalist approach, but has redesigned the linkage between industrial policy and social policy, as well as it has fostered de-familiazation policies. China moves away from the "individualist" group towards a "hybrid" type, by greatly expanding public provision, albeit through a dual and stratified system. Finally, the "individualists" and the "incipient” expanding the role of the state on social risks through policies focused on low-income families.